{"id":4420,"date":"2024-03-22T16:40:04","date_gmt":"2024-03-22T11:40:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/24hscore.org\/tin-tuc\/?p=4420"},"modified":"2024-03-22T16:40:11","modified_gmt":"2024-03-22T11:40:11","slug":"triet-ly-tu-duy-trong-co-vua","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/24hscore.net\/tin-tuc\/co-vua\/triet-ly-tu-duy-trong-co-vua\/","title":{"rendered":"Tri\u1ebft l\u00fd t\u01b0 duy trong c\u1edd vua"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

24hscore<\/a><\/strong> – Khi b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a c\u1edd vua, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1ch di chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c qu\u00e2n c\u1edd tr\u00ean b\u00e0n, trong khi c\u00e1c k\u1ef3 th\u1ee7 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1972, c\u1edd vua tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec9nh cao c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 thu h\u00fat s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Trong th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c Chi\u1ebfn tranh L\u1ea1nh, t\u00e0i n\u0103ng c\u1edd vua n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3, Bobby Fischer, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn Iceland \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ng\u00f4i v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 Li\u00ean X\u00f4, Boris Spassky. Tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa hai si\u00eau c\u01b0\u1eddng, trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng \u0111ang leo thang gi\u1eefa hai qu\u1ed1c gia m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Cu\u1ed9c \u0110\u1ea5u C\u1edd Vua Huy\u1ec1n Tho\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa Spassky v\u00e0 Fischer<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00e1 ch\u1eadm ch\u1ea1p, nh\u01b0ng sau m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 “b\u1eaby”, Fischer \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn Spassky ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “Tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7” – m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m quan tr\u1ecdng trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a c\u1edd vua.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u1edd vua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y kho\u1ea3ng 1.500 n\u0103m \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 ho\u1eb7c Trung Qu\u1ed1c, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 15.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u1edd vua c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng k\u1ef3 th\u1ee7 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c xa so v\u1edbi c\u1edd vua ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u01a1i. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 Fischer s\u1ebd nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh tr\u00ean b\u00e0n c\u1edd m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t so v\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 Fischer \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u1edd vua hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng k\u1ef3 th\u1ee7 v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed3ng X\u00f4 Vi\u1ebft kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 Garry Kasparov – \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 k\u1ef3 th\u1ee7 m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. Kasparov tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi khi m\u1edbi 22 tu\u1ed5i, v\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c gi\u1eef v\u1ecb tr\u00ed s\u1ed1 1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi trong 225 th\u00e1ng tr\u00ean t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 228 th\u00e1ng thi \u0111\u1ea5u cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi gi\u1ea3i ngh\u1ec7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 2007, Kasparov \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch “Cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng B\u1eaft Ch\u01b0\u1edbc C\u1edd Vua”. T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u00e0o t\u00e2m tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean l\u00fd c\u1ee7a c\u1edd vua v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng h\u1eefu \u00edch. V\u1eady l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u suy ngh\u0129 nh\u01b0 Kasparov?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1eb7t C\u00e2u H\u1ecfi \u0110\u00fang<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Garry Kasparov lu\u00f4n nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eb7t ra nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ra gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p cho m\u1ecdi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. Vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ebft ch\u1ecdn ra nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta \u0111i \u0111\u00fang h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i c\u1edd vua, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1ch di chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c qu\u00e2n c\u1edd tr\u00ean b\u00e0n c\u1edd. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng k\u1ef3 th\u1ee7 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecdc suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u. Thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, h\u1ecd t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u00fang kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong m\u1ecdi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n

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S\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ed1i \u0110\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Hai Th\u1ebf H\u1ec7 Kasparov v\u00e0 Carlsen<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u01a1i c\u1edd vua, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 di chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c qu\u00e2n c\u1edd m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng suy ngh\u0129 s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i. H\u1ecd ch\u01b0a nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i, d\u00f9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i mang l\u1ea1i \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c k\u1ef3 th\u1ee7 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p d\u00e0nh r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 suy t\u00ednh m\u1ed7i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u1ed1i ch\u01a1i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i c\u1edd vua kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c di chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c qu\u00e2n c\u1edd tr\u00ean b\u00e0n, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. C\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n xem x\u00e9t c\u1ea3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 suy lu\u1eadn t\u1ed1i \u01b0u c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7y bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0y nay, c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi cho nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t, m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh. \u0110\u00f4i khi, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00f4ng tin ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin \u1ed3n \u00e0o v\u00e0 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp th\u00f4ng tin m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec b\u1ea1n \u0111ang mong mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u00f3?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

H\u00e3y kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 \u0111i theo h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00fang, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng, c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong m\u1ecdi k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi doanh nghi\u1ec7p, vi\u1ec7c thu l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi sinh vi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111i\u1ec3m 10 trong b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u00e0 tr\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

B\u00ed quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1eb1m \u1edf vi\u1ec7c ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean nh\u1eefng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3. M\u1ed7i th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u, v\u00ec ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c th\u00f4ng qua ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m cho lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. Ch\u00fang ta t\u00ednh to\u00e1n cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m. Khi ch\u00fang ta d\u1ef1a qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u1eefa qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi. Trong t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f3, tr\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua s\u1ef1 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o l\u00e0 trong tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i c\u1edd vua. Trong m\u1ed9t v\u00e1n c\u1edd, m\u1ed7i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c k\u1ef3 th\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng g\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3i qua. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng k\u1ef3 th\u1ee7 v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7, h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 m\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Thay v\u00ec tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt c\u0169, h\u1ecd t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt m\u1edbi v\u00e0 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o tr\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Do \u0111\u00f3, b\u00ed quy\u1ebft th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa kinh nghi\u1ec7m t\u00edch l\u0169y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 m\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
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Cu\u1ed9c \u0110\u1ed1i \u0110\u1ea7u \u0110\u1ec9nh Cao gi\u1eefa Kasparov v\u00e0 Karpov<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0 v\u1ea1ch ra l\u1ed1i \u0111i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00fd lu\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 v\u00f4 l\u00fd. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch Kasparov m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a tr\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong c\u1edd vua v\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i n\u00e0y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Trong m\u1ed9t v\u00e1n c\u1edd, t\u00ednh to\u00e1n gi\u00fap ta ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 tr\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1edbi gi\u00fap ta \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang l\u00e0 duy nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 theo k\u1ecbp v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c nh\u1eefng lu\u1eadt ch\u01a1i hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 ni\u1ec1m tin c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n. Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ra con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ta v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1eadn D\u1ee5ng \u01afu \u0110i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ec3 T\u1ea1o \u01afu Th\u1ebf T\u1ed1i \u0110a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng l\u1edbn t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng b\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00fang v\u1edbi hy v\u1ecdng s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c sao ch\u00e9p h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ho\u1eb7c h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t sinh khi ch\u00fang ta c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. Thay v\u00ec s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ed th\u00f4ng minh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ra gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng nh\u1ea5t: \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ee9ng nh\u1eafc nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“Kh\u00f4ng ai t\u1eafm hai l\u1ea7n tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng.” \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 r\u1eb1ng m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, v\u00e0 m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ebf m\u1ea1nh ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 nh\u1eadn ra nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa Garry Kasparov v\u00e0 Anatoly Karpov trong c\u1edd vua. Kasparov n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1edbi phong c\u00e1ch ch\u01a1i t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng, trong khi Karpov th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1ch c\u1ea9n tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 n\u00e9 tr\u00e1nh r\u1ee7i ro. Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u00f3 \u00edch cho Karpov c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi Kasparov v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 phong c\u00e1ch ch\u01a1i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 Deep Blue, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a IBM ch\u01a1i c\u1edd vua. Deep Blue c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ngh\u00ecn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n m\u1ed7i gi\u00e2y v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u00e2m l\u00fd nh\u01b0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 Deep Blue d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i Kasparov trong tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng Kasparov \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00e1i C\u00e2n Nh\u1eafc V\u1ec1 Chi\u1ebfn L\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean b\u00e1m s\u00e1t qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. D\u00f9 nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi t\u1eeb kinh nghi\u1ec7m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee9ng nh\u1eafc. Trong m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7y bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn linh ho\u1ea1t h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau. M\u1ed7i chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u1edd vua, m\u1ed9t tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00e1ng tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 s\u1eafc b\u00e9n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0 duy linh ho\u1ea1t. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ai c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi t\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a Kasparov, nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng t\u01b0 duy linh ho\u1ea1t n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng h\u01a1n trong m\u1ecdi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong m\u1ecdi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

24hscore – Khi b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a c\u1edd vua, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1ch di chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c qu\u00e2n c\u1edd tr\u00ean b\u00e0n, trong khi c\u00e1c k\u1ef3 th\u1ee7 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7. V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1972, c\u1edd vua tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t tr\u00f2…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":27,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","rank_math_description":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1186],"tags":[204],"class_list":["post-4420","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-co-vua","tag-co-vua"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/24hscore.net\/tin-tuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4420","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/24hscore.net\/tin-tuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/24hscore.net\/tin-tuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/24hscore.net\/tin-tuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/27"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/24hscore.net\/tin-tuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4420"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/24hscore.net\/tin-tuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4420\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4424,"href":"https:\/\/24hscore.net\/tin-tuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4420\/revisions\/4424"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/24hscore.net\/tin-tuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4420"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/24hscore.net\/tin-tuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4420"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/24hscore.net\/tin-tuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4420"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}